What is memory metal?
志联
2024-07-07
What is Shape memory alloy ？
The high-temperature phase of shape memory alloy has a high degree of structural symmetry, usually with an ordered cubic structure. Below the Ms temperature, the single-oriented high-temperature phase transforms into martensite variants of different orientations. So what is Shape memory alloy ？
What is Shape memory alloy ？
A shape memory alloy is a special alloy that has a memory temperature. It can be processed arbitrarily below the memory temperature. When the temperature recovers to the memory temperature, it can recover to its shape before processing. In the future, it will be one of the main engineering materials, such as titanium. After heating, SMA is a special alloy that can be processed arbitrarily below the memory temperature. When the temperature recovers to the memory temperature, it can recover to its shape before processing.
They have two common characteristics:
1. Large bending amount, high plasticity
2. Recover the previous shape above the memory temperature.
Generally Shape memory alloy It is greatly affected by temperature and is in a certain state at a certain temperature. When the temperature changes, the state changes, but when the temperature returns to its original state, the state returns to its original state.
The phase transformation of this metal is reversible. It is affected by temperature changes, and above a certain temperature, it will return to its shape before deformation. The solar panels of artificial satellites can be made of it.
Extended information:
The high-temperature phase of shape memory alloy has a high degree of structural symmetry, usually with an ordered cubic structure. Below the Ms temperature, the single-oriented high-temperature phase transforms into martensite variants of different orientations.
When the material is deformed below the Ms temperature to make components, the martensite variants in the material that are at a disadvantage in the direction of stress are constantly reduced; those in a favorable position are constantly growing. Finally, it transforms into an ordered martensite element with a single orientation.
If the martensite with low symmetry and single orientation is heated again above the As point, it will be reversed to form the previous single-oriented high-temperature phase.
Corresponding to this reversible transformation of microstructure, the macroscopic shape of the material at high temperature is restored, which is called one-way shape memory. After a certain process, the memory element is cooled below Ms, and the shape can be recovered at low temperature, which is called two-way shape memory effect.
The invention and application of shape memory alloys have broadened people's horizons on the characteristics and functions of metal materials, and opened the mysterious door that people call intelligent or smart materials.
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